Answer:
Agar aapko computer ka basic structure samajhna hai, toh sabse pehle uske components (hisse) ko achhi tarah se samajhna zaroori hai. Har ek part ka apna ek important role hota hai. Yahaan hum computer ke major components ko step-by-step samjhenge.
🔌 1. Input Devices – Data Enter Karne Wale Parts
Input devices wo hote hain jinse user computer ko data ya instructions deta hai.
- Keyboard – Typing ke liye use hota hai.
- Mouse – Pointer ko control karne ke liye.
- Scanner – Paper documents ko digital format mein lane ke liye.
- Microphone – Voice input ke liye.
- Webcam – Video capture ke liye.
🧠 2. Central Processing Unit (CPU) – Computer ka Brain
CPU, jise hum Processor bhi kehte hain, computer ka main brain hota hai. Ye sabhi calculations aur tasks perform karta hai.
- ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) – Maths aur logic wale kaam karta hai.
- CU (Control Unit) – Sabhi devices ko instructions deta hai.
- Registers – Temporary memory for quick access.
🧬 3. Memory / Storage Devices – Data Store Karne Wale Parts
Computer mein do tarah ki memory hoti hai:
a) Primary Memory (RAM & ROM)
- RAM (Random Access Memory) – Temporary memory, jab tak computer on hai tab tak kaam karti hai.
- ROM (Read Only Memory) – Permanent memory, jisme booting ke liye basic instructions hote hain.
b) Secondary Storage
- Hard Disk Drive (HDD) – Permanent data storage.
- Solid State Drive (SSD) – Fast storage option, HDD se tez.
- Pen Drive, Memory Card – Portable storage options.
🖥️ 4. Output Devices – Result Dikhane Wale Devices
Input ke baad, jab processing ho jaati hai, tab result output devices ke through dikhai jaata hai.
- Monitor – Visual display ke liye.
- Printer – Paper output ke liye.
- Speaker – Audio output ke liye.
- Projector – Large screen display ke liye.
🔋 5. Power Supply Unit (SMPS) – Bijli Ka Source
SMPS (Switch Mode Power Supply), computer ke sabhi parts ko proper voltage provide karta hai. Ye electricity ko safely convert karta hai.
🧲 6. Motherboard – Sabhi Parts Ko Connect Karne Wala Board
Motherboard ek main circuit board hota hai jisme CPU, RAM, storage, aur saare ports connect hote hain. Ye poore system ka backbone hota hai.
🌐 7. Network Components – Internet Se Connect Karne Wale Parts
- LAN Card / Network Interface Card (NIC) – Wired internet ke liye.
- Wi-Fi Adapter – Wireless internet access ke liye.
- Modem/Router – Internet signals receive aur send karne ke liye.
🧊 Bonus: Cabinet aur Cooling System
- Cabinet – Jisme computer ke sare parts install hote hain.
- Cooling Fans / Heat Sink – Heat ko control karne ke liye.
📚 Conclusion: Computer ke Components Ka Role
Computer ke ye sabhi components milkar ek complete system banate hain. Input devices data dete hain, CPU processing karta hai, memory data store karti hai, aur output devices hume result dikhate hain.